英语的单词是什么-

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英语的单词是English。

adj. 英格兰人的，英格兰的，英文的

n. 英语，英格兰人，（台球中的）侧旋

例句：He speaks excellent English.

翻译：他英语说得棒极了。

词源解说

直接源自古英语的Englisc。最初源自该语的Engle，意为盎格鲁人。

传说这个称呼的来由是：当年这群人原来居住在一个叫Angul的岛上，这个岛状似鱼钩。

短语：English horn?英国管；basic English?基础英语。

英语和美语的区别和用法

英语课堂用语(Classroom English)1. 上课（Beginning a class）

（1） Class begins!上课.

（2）Stand up,please．起立! Sit down,Please．请坐!

2. 问候（Greeting）

（3）Good morning/Good afternoon boys and girls／children．

（4）How are you today?

3. 考勤（Checking attendance）

（5）Who is on duty today?今天谁值日?

（6）Is everyone／everybody here?每个人都到了吗? （7）Go back to your seat,please．回到座位上.

（8）What day is it today? 今天星期几?

（9）What is the date today? 今天几号呀?

（10）What is the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?

4. 宣布（Announcing）

（11）Let’s learn Lesson One． 我们学…课

（12）First,Let’s review. / Let’s have a revision. 首先,让我们复习一下.

（13）What did we learn yesterday / last time?上节课我们学了什么?

5. 提起注意（Directing attention）

（14）Ready?／Are you ready? 准备好了吗?

（15）Understand ? / Clear?／Do you understand? 懂了吗?

（16）Be quiet,please．／Quiet,please． 安静!

（17）Listen /Look carefully,please 请仔细听/仔细看 !6. 课堂活动（Classroom activities）

（18）Read it together．／All together． 大家一起!（19）Let’s do it one by one．一个人一个人的做.

（20）Now you,please．／It’s your turn ,（Students name）．轮到你了,….(21) Next,please． 下一个.Don’t speak out．别说出来.

7. 鼓励（Encouraging）

（22）Can you try it ? 你能试一试吗?

（23）Try your best．／Do your best． 尽力试一试.

（24）Don’t be afraid／shy． 别害怕/害羞.

8. 指令（Issuing a command）

（25）Follow / Read after /me,please.跟我读.

（26）Repeat,please．/ Again. 重复.

（27）Once more,please．／One more time,please． 再来一次.

（28）Hands up/ ,please．请举手.

（29）Hands down,please．放下手.

（30）Please take out your books．拿出本子.

（31）Please open your books at page…／Turn to Page… 打开书到…页.（32）Please answer my question（s）．请回答问题.

（33） Please read it loudly. /Loudly ,please. 请大声读.（34）Please stop now．／Stop here,please．现在停止.

9. 评价

（35）Good,thank you． 很好,谢谢.OK. / Good／Very good．／Good job．很好,做的很好. Excellent．／Great!／Well done．精彩!很好!太棒了.

（36）I don’t think so．我可不这么认为.

10. 布置作业（Setting homework）

（37） Today’s homework… 今天的作业是…

11. 下课（Dismissing the class）

（38）That is all for today．今天就讲到这里吧.

（39）Class is over．下课.Good bye．Bye．

（40） See you next time.下节课见

课堂常规用语

一、 打招呼（Greetings）

Good morning, class.

Good afternoon, class 4.

Good morning, everybody.

Good afternoon, everyone.

Good morning, boys and girls.

Good afternoon, children.

How are you all today?

Are you all well this morning?

打招呼之后,可以增加一两句(Beginning a chat)

Well, did you have a good weekend?

Well, did you enjoy the holiday?

Well, what did you do yesterday evening?

Tell me what you did at the weekend?

谈谈学生衣着发型也可以：

Oh, you\'ve got a new dress on. It\'s very nice.

Oh, you\'ve got a new hair style.

二、考勤(Checking attendance)

1．点名

Right ! I\'m going to call the row.

OK ! Listen while I call your names.

Now ! I\'ll take the register.

Quiet f now, please. Listen while I see if you\'re all here.

2．问缺席情况

Now ! Let\'s see who\'s absent.

Right ! Let\'s see if anyone\'s away.

Is anybody absent?

Is everybody here?

3. 关照新生

Oh, are you new?

OK, are you a pupil?

You have just come to this class (school), haven\'t you?

Where do you come from?

What\'s your name?

Do you like the school?

Welcome to our class.

4. 谈缺勤原因

Where\'s Wang Hai?

Does anyone know where Li is?

Can anyone tell me where Liu has gone?

Who knows when he will be back?

Han Meimei is ill today, isn\'t she?

5. 关照病愈者

You were absent for three lessons last week.

Did you catch a cold?

Oh, I\'m sorry.

You\'ll catch up l won\'t you?

Don\'t worry.

You\'ve been absent for days, haven\'t you?

You were away last lesson, weren\'t you?

\' What was the matter?

Why were you away?

Are you better?

How are you feeling now?

Do you feel better?

Well, Jane, ask your friends to help you.

OK, you\'d better ask your neighbour to tell you what we\'ve done.

Come and see me after the lesson, OK?

三．介绍

Now, let me introduce myself.

I\'ll just tell you a bit about myself.

My name is..., spelt...

I\'ve been teaching in the school for 1O years.

I come from Shanghai.

I worked for a newspaper until last year.

And what about you?

Will you introduce yourselves?

四．开始谈话

T: I went to the Summer Palace (引出话题)

Yesterday. Did any of you go?

No?... Well, (无人回答,问某一学生)

What did you do, -.. er... Zhang Hong.

Zhang:... er... I-. - er. -. in home. (学生响应断断续续)

T: Oh, you stayed at home. (“搭救“说话的学生 )

Zhang: Yes, I stay at home.

T: OK, you stayed at home. (暗中纠正时态)

What did you do then?

Zhang:... TV...

T: Oh, you watched television 9 didn\'t you? Which programme?

(继续问下去困难,可就此打住 )

有关用语还有:

Tell me what you did 1ast night.

Will you te11 me a bit about your weekend?

Could you tell us more about the programme?

How did you like yesterday\'s party?

五．建议 (Suggesting)

Let\'s go through the text.

Could you open your textbook and find Ex. 5 on page 45?

Could you take out the cards?

Will you all think of some questions to ask each other?

Will you get together in groups and discuss the idea?

Try to think it out for yourself.

Let\'s work out how you could plan your piece of writing.

Now you\'ve answered all the questions in full. You need to say a bit

more about that.

You\'d better get that right.

六．提起注意 (Directing students\' attention)

Quiet, now, please. Let\'s work in pairs.

Will you face the people in front of you?

Fine. Look again carefully.

Are you ready to listen?

Are you all listening? OK, then.

Now then something new! Let\'s change the topic.

That was quite good, let\'s do it once more.

七．请求(Making polite requests)

Could you possibly plug the cassette player in for me?

Can you check thetch is on?

Will you go and fetch some chalk?

Will you find the wall charts?

Has anybody seen the stick/tape/drawing pins?

Please could you put it up here?

Please would you mind cleaning the board?

八．指导 (Giving instructions)

1. 纠正语音

You\'d better listen again.

Will you listen carefully?

Now listen to the sound [a:].Not [a ], like this - you try.

Don\'t forget it\'s [[] not [a ] in and.

Now listen. There\'s something different, What\'s different? Listen.

2. 启发思路

Suppose a friend needs advice on the subject-

You could agree with the other person and say something else.

You may ask the reason.

Shal1 1 demonstrate? Keep to the same pattern, ~ OK?

What do you think the author will say next?

I\'ll give you a cue. It\'s something to do with -.

Let me give you some help. When did the man use the word?

3. 介绍方法

You\'d better put them together-

Ask each other questions to find out what is different.

Look at the sentence before and see if you can guess.

You sort out these sentences, then copy them, taking care with

capital letters.

You fill the blanks in these sentences, then write them neatly.

4. 示范动作

Look at what I\'m doing.

You may do as I do.

Please look at my mouth, like this -.

九 宣告 (Announcements)

1．宣布教学计划

Today we\'re going to do three main things.

First l I\'m going to introduce a few new words about weather. Then

you\'re going to write a dialogue and act it out. After that, we are

going to learn a new song.

2. 宣布某些事项

I have something to tell you before you go.

There\'s a club meeting on Saturday. If you want to attend it, please

write your name on thispiece of paper.

3. 宣布教学项目

Well, now, we\'re going to practise a short dialogue.

l want to introduce to you a new programme now.

十．解释 (Explaining)

Listen to me and I\'ll explain the meaning of the word.

Let me use the picture to show its meaning.

The word ends in \'tion\' so it must be a noun-

Let\'s see if you can guess. I\'ll give you an example: -.

We can use this sentence to express -.

What does it mean in the context? It\'s clear that the man used it to

blame the boy.

Look at the picture here- The man is standing by the window. Perhaps

he is interested in

What is happening in the street.

What might happen in a few minutes? The boy is getting angry with

Mary.

There are three people sitting by the river. They are looking at the

ship. The ship is very beautiful.

十一．禁止 (Forbidding)

T: OK t everybody. Quiet now please! No more talking.

Wang Hai, stop chatting now. And you, Li Guang! Whose turn is it?

S: It\'s my turn. (教学继续进行.)

No talking!

No chatting

Stop making a noise.

Without disturbing the others.

No more shouting !

客气一些：

Please will you stop interrupting the others J

Would you mind not whispering?

严重一些：

There\'ll be trouble if you go on disturbing the others\'

I\'ll report you to Miss Zhou if you go on being silly !

更严重些:

You shouldn\'t be have (be behaving) like that!

Why are you passing notes?

You can\'t copy ! Do it on your own !

No dreaming1 Wake up! -

Stop turning round !

训练中禁止

No writing while I\'m talking.

Don\'t move your lips while (you\'re) reading.

No, Wang Hai, that\'s not the way to learn English properly\'

No, Han Meimei, it\'s not good to do pair practice like that-

You\'re doing it the wrong way.

十二．指命 (Issuing a command)

By yourself. This is practice for the exam.

Books closed.

Back into groups, each person can say it in turn.

You work in twos with two pictures.

Silence.

Quiet please.

Stop now.

Watch how I write it.

Watch how to do it.

Now, turn round, face the back ) without looking at the board.

十三．警告(Warning)

Careful. This is a hard sentence-

Don\'t forget to write neatly.

Make sure your spaces between words are clear.

See that your \'U\'s are different from your \'v\' s.

Copy them taking care with spelling.

Watch your punctuation.

1. 美语与英语在单词拼法上的差异

美语与英语在单词拼法上的差异主要有两种：一种是单词发生变化使得个别字母不相同,另一种是美语单词较为简化.前者如enquire(英)与inquire(美),这两个单词的第一个字母不相同.但都是商品交易前,一方向对方洽询有关商品的价格、数量、交货时间及付款条件等的询价；“车胎”的英语单词在英国用tyre,在美国则是tire；“睡衣”的英式英语是pajamas,美语则是pyjamas；“执照”,“特许证”的英式英语用licence,美语则用license.这类单词仅一个字母不同,发音上有的相同,有的则相似.

美语的单词一般比英语单词要简单.近年来,美语越来越趋向简化,充分体现了美国人生活和工作高效快捷的现代化特性.这些较为简化的词大都源于英语,大量词汇在英语里仍然保持原貌.而进入美语后,这些单词就逐渐变得简单起来,从而使用起来较为方便.如较常见的单词colour(颜色),在美语里就拼写成color,少了一个“u”字母；refrigerator(电冰箱)美语是fridge,美语比原单词要简单得多.美语单词的简化现象是美语与英语在单词拼法上的差异的主要表现.

2. 美语与英语在日期、数字表达方面的差异

在日期方面,美英英语的表达方式是有差别的.以日为先,月份为后,此为英国式；美国式则与此相反,以月为先,日期则在后.如一九九六年三月二日的写法：

2nd March, 1996（英）

March 2, 1996（美）

在美式的写法中,1st,

2nd, 3rd的st, nd, rd是不使用的.由于日期书面表达不同,读法也不一样.如1987年4月20日,英式的写法是20th

April, 1987,读成the twentieth of April, nineteen eighty-seven；美式的表达是April

20, 1987,则读成April the twentieth, nineteen

eighty-seven.同样,全部用数字表达日期时,英美也有差别.1998年5月6日按照英国式应写成6/5/98,而按照美国式应写成5/6/98；01.08.1998是英国式的1998年8月1日,按照美国的表达方式却是1998年1月8日,美国的1998年8月1日应写成08,01,1998.

在数字口头表达方面,两国也存在着差别.$175（175美元）英语读成a(one) hundred and seventy five

dollars,美语读成one hundred seventy five

dollars,常省略and；表达连续同样数字的号码时,英语习惯用double或triple,美语一般不这样用,如电话号码320112,英语读成three

two zero, double one two,美语则读成three two zero one one two, 999

234英语读成nine double nine (triple nine) two three four,美语则读成nine nine nine

two three four,不过美国人也把连续三个相同的号码读成three 加上这个数字的复数形式,如999读成three nines.

3. 美语与英语在书信方面的差异

商务英语书信(Business or Commercial English Correspondence)是指交易时所使用的通信.在美国,常用Business writing,它包括书信、电报、电话、电传、报告书、明信片等.

英语和美语在书信体例方面存在着一定的差异,比如信头和称呼、书信格式、遣词、结尾客套语等均有所不同.一般来说,英国书信较为保守,许多英国人喜欢用老式书信体,用词较为正式刻板,而美国书信语言非常生气、有活力,格式也较为简便.因此当我们写信的对象是英国或其旧殖民地国家时,要使用标准式英语Queens

English；如果写信的对象是美国或美国势力范围的地区时,就要用美国英语.当然,英国式的语言文化近年来也有变化,但总体来说,两者间的差异是很明显的.

商业英文书信,一般都要求用打字机或电脑整齐地打印,左边各行开头垂直的,称为垂直式或齐头式(Block

style),美国常用这种格式；每段的第一个词缩进去,称为缩进式或锯齿式(indented

style),英国常用此格式.垂直式的职务及签名都在左边的边栏界线,这种格式,在极度尊重工作效率的美国公司,已普遍采用.

正式的商业英语书信要在称呼的上方写上收信公司名称和地址或收信人的名字全称、职务及地址,称为信内地址（Inside

address）.信内地址的写法也有垂直式和缩进式之分,垂直式和称美国式将各行并列,缩进式或称英国式将各行依次退缩.不过,笔者注意到,近来英国商业书信信内地址并未依次缩进,似乎与美国式相同.此外,在美国还流行一种普通收信人地址的写法,就是在书信的Inside

Address中,把门牌号和街名都省略掉.

在英文书信中要使用敬语,最普遍的敬语是Mr,

Mrs和Miss（用于未婚女性）.英国人常在男性的姓名之后用Esq. (Esquire的缩写),不过在商业上也在慢慢地改用Mr. Mmes.

(Madam的复数形式),用于二个女士以上.Messrs（Mr的复数形式）用于二个以上的男人,或用于二个以上的男人组成的公司或团体.在英国式英文信里,Mr,

Mrs, Messrs,均不加缩写句点,相反地趋向于进步自由的美语反而加缩写句点如Mr., Mrs., Messrs..

4.

在称呼方面,商业上最普遍的有Gentlemen（美国式）与Dear

Sirs（英国式）二种,相当于我国的"敬启者"或"谨启者".如果信是写给各个公司单位的,不是写给某个具体人的,美语用Gentlemen（复数形式）,英语用Dear

Sirs.如果对方公司只一人时,必须使用Sir/Dear

Sir.称呼后一般要使用标点符号,英国式采用逗号(comma),美国式用分号(colon).

书信结尾客套语(complimentary

close)有多种,相当于我国书信在结尾时使用的"敬礼"、"致敬"、"顺安"等句.最为典型的美国式写法是Sincerely和Best

regards,典型的英国式表达有Yours sincerely（熟人或知道对方姓名）,Best wishes, kind regards

和yours faithfully（不知姓名）.此外,英国式的客套语还有特别礼貌的格式,但除了特殊情况外,现在不再使用.

5.美语与英语在习惯用语差异

美语与英语在习惯用法上也存在着明显的差异.比如,英国英语在虚拟式中往往要加should,而美语大都不用.表示"有"或"没有"的概念,英语用to

have/haven’t got,美语则用to have/don’t have；"不得不"、"必须"做什么,英语用to have got to

do something,美语只须说to have to do something；"假期临时工"英语用holiday

jobs,美语用summer/temporary jobs；"租用计算机"英语的表达是computer hire,美语用computer

rental；"从某某学校毕业",英美表达习惯也不同,"graduate"一词,在美语里可以用于任何种类的学校,如graduate from

university/school等,而在英语里,graduate仅限于大学毕业,中学毕业要用leave；当谈到某家公司待遇低的时候,英语通常的表达是It

was badly paid,而美语的表达则是It didn’t pay very much；"我与老板相处得很好"英语的表达是I got

ort very well with my boss,但美语则用got along代替句中的got on；"提高价格"英语用put up

prices,美语用raise prices；"上计算机课"英语的表达是go on a computer course,美语则说take a

computer course.

6.

通电话时,英美两国也有不同的表达方式,如果自己是办公室的秘书或接线员之类的职员,不是对方要找的人,我们常说"请稍候",英语的习惯表达是hold

the line, please,美语通常用hold on；如果要求对方（如接线员）转给经理,英语的表达是Could you connect

me with the manager?美语通常用介词"to"代替句中的介词"with.

当然了,美语和英语之间的差别还有别的方面的,但是美语毕竟是从英语中发展出来的.现在小学生的课本里还是多多采用英式英语的,毕竟它是比较正统的.

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