英语语法：定 语 从 句

网上有关“英语语法：定 语 从 句”话题很是火热，小编也是针对英语语法：定 语 从 句寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析，如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题，希望能够帮助到您。

　定语从句是英语常见的用来联系多个句子的句型，作用强大而且简单易用。我在这里整理了相关知识，快来学习学习吧!

　英语语法：定 语 从 句

　一、关系代词引导的定语从句

　1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)

　who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　whom 指人在从句中作宾语

　whose 指人或物在从句中作定语

　as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词

　2、as 的用法

　(1)常用于下列结构：such?as; so?as;the same?as; as?as

　注意：the same?as 表示同一类，不同一个

　the same?that 表示同一个

　(2)as与which的区别

　a、位置不同

　as可放在主句后，主句前

　或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

　b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。

　Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事?”。

　注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,

　as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

　c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。

　二、只用that不用which的情况

　1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时

　2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.

　3、 当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

　4、 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

　5、当先行词是数词时.

　6、 当先行词既指人又指物时。

　7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用 that。

　8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。

　9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。

　10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。

　11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。

　三、只用which不用that的情况

　1、 当介词放在关系代词之前时。

　2、 在非限制性定语从句中。

　3、 当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。

　四、只用who不用that的情况

　1、当先行词是one, ones,anyone或those时。

　2、there be 结构中。

　3、当先行词是人，后面有较长修饰语时。

　4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。

　5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚语中)。

　6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。

　7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。

　8、先行词是拟人化的名词。

　9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。

　五、关系副词引导的定语从句

　1、when时间状语

　注意：It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that? 只能用that,that可以省略，从句用相应的完成时。

　2、where 地点状语

　注意：当先行词为模糊的地点时，如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名词时用where.

　3、why 原因状语 先行词为reason。

　六、介词与关系代词

　1、介词如何确定

　(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定

　(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定

　(3)根据意思来确定

　(4)为了强调某一名词，不定式前加上关系词

　2、关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词的位置

　(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

　(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。

　(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。

　(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。

　3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有：名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级?+of+which/whom。

　七、定语从句中的主谓一致

　1、关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

　2、“one of+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的动词通常用复数，但当one前有the,the only,the very等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。

　八、注意way和time后接定语从句的情况

　1、当先行词是way，且意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。

　注意：关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，按正常的定语从句分析。

　2、当先行词是time时，若time作“次数”讲，应用that引导定语从句，that可省略;若time作“一段时间”讲，应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句。

　相见时难别亦难 “小离别”英语怎么说?

　遇到“小别离”英语怎么说?

　Migrants feel uprooted from friends and relatives.

　移民有一种亲友别离，情谊割断之感。

　This is real life, we must go through the parting, reunion will be valuable to know.

　这就是生活的真实，我们必须要经历了别离，才会知道重逢的可贵。

　Since fate has foreseen our meeting and leaving, why not compromise to it?

　既然命运安排了我们的相聚和别离，又何必强求呢?

　He had something he must say to her before he bade her a long farewell.

　有一桩心事必须在和她长远别离之前对她说出来。

　The seagulls fly off, the waves roll away and we depart.

　海鸥飞去，波澜滚滚地流开，我们也别离了。

　And ever has it been that love knows not its own depth until the hour of separation.

　除非临到了别离的时候，爱永远不会知道自己的深浅。

　I couldn't even take proper leave of Amundsen.

　我离不开阿姆森了。

　I got away as quick as I could.

　我尽快离开了。

　That afternoon I was on my way home after three years of absence.

英语中的定语从句

　 一、定语从句的引导词

　1、一共有9个：who, whom , whose, that, which, when,where, why, as

　与名词从句相比：定从不能由what和how引导;which的含义改变;定从内部的介词可以放引导词前。

　2、引导词的功能有哪些?

　(1)引导定语从句

　(2)代替先行词在定语从句中充当一个成分。(先行词在从句中不再出现)

　 二、定语从句的关键

　1、首先，要能判断出该从句是什么从句：

　(1)放句首没有用逗号分开的，一般是主语从句，也有可能是状语从句，但从句结束后若有体现时态变化的动词，则一定是主语从句。

　(2)放及物动词后，若及物动词不是被动语态，后面一定是宾语从句;若该及物动词是被动语态，后面一般是主语从句(It+ is + adj/n./done+that/whether/when…)或状语从句。

　(3)放be动词后，后面一定是表语从句，但 “It is/was + 从句(被强调成分) + that”是强调句(强调句中“非谓语”)。

　(4)放名词后，一般是定语从句，但若该名词有“内涵/内容”(fact/truth/news/information/ problem/suggestion)， 则很可能是同位语从句。

　(5)用逗号分开的从句，一般是状语从句或 as/which引导的定语从句，也要注意用放在句中用逗号分开的“插入语”(however, for example,believe it or not等)。

　2、其次，判断出是定语从句后可以用“三个优先”法做题：

　(1)优先选择含whose的选项，能与空格后的名词构成“某人的某物”搭配，一般就是答案;

　(2)优先选择含介词的选项，然后看该介词与从句中的谓语是否能构成符合逻辑的搭配;

　(3)用逗号分开的定从，优先考虑as和which,若该空能翻译为“一件事”而从句意思是通顺的，则放句首就用as,句末用which(若该空能翻译为“如同”“像…一样”则应用as)

　3、再次,做定语从句题可以用“三问法”来检测是否出错：

　(1)先行词本身是否为特殊的词?

　way+ in which/that/省略

　指物的不定代词：anything, one, some,many, a lot, all, both, that等 + that

　指人的不定代词或数词：one, those, anyone, two等 + who

　既有人又有物： + that

　“抽象的地点”condition, situation,case, point + where

　“抽象的时间”one’s stay/visit + when

　在特定语境中可以作“地点/位置”理解的词：trousers/ sleeves + where

　(2)先行词前面有无特殊的词?

　有不定代词修饰：all/every/little/much+ …+ that

　有最高级/序数词修饰：the best/second … + that

　有just the/ the very/ the only/ the last等修饰：+ that

　有who/which疑问词：+ that(避免重复)

　有the same/ such/ as修饰：一般+ as

　(注意： ①第一个as是否为一个以as结尾的搭配，如regard…as;

　②区分such…as(定从)与such …that“如此…以至于”)

　(3)先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分?

　注意：从句中spend后的“时间”，以及visit后的“地点”，不是状语，而是宾语，应该用不定代词

　4、只能用that引导定语从句有哪些情况?

　先行词前为all, everything, nothing,something, anything, little, much等不定代词时;

　先行词前有：all, every, no, some, any,little, much, few等不定代词修饰时;

　先行词被序数词修饰时;

　先行词被形容词最高级修饰时;

　先行词前only, just, very, last有等修饰时;

　先行词是表示人和物混杂的'两个名词时;

　主句是以who, which,开头的疑问句或先行词是疑问代词时;

　在修饰时间、地点等先行词时，只有用that代替when, where等引导词;

　例I'll never forget the Sunday (that) you first arrived.

　Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink ?

　先行词为reason, way (意为“方法”)时，常用that 代替why,which, in which，也可省略。

　引导词在定语从句中作表语时，多用that引导。

　先行词是主句表语时;

　例It is a dictionary that will help you a lot.

　当主语以there be 开头时;

　当先行词是数词时;

　同一个复合句里有两个定语从句，一个用which，另一个通常用that。

　5、reason后面用什么引导?way 后面用什么引导?

　reason后面的定语从句用why引导。

　way 后面定语从句用in which 或 that引导that可以省略。

　6、when引导的定语从句等于什么引导的定语从句?

　when引导的定语从句等于介词+ which引导的定语从句。

　7、where 引导的定语从句等于什么引导的定语从句?

　where 引导的定语从句等于介词+which引导的定语从句。

　★8、one of 和 the (only) one of引导的定语从句在主谓一致问题上应注意什么?

　前者引导的定语从句谓语动词用复数;后者用单数。

　9、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句有和区别?

　限制性定语从句是主句不可缺少的一个部分，缺少后主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从句是对主句的进一步说明，不要从句对主句意义无多大影响;非限制性定语从句前后有逗号隔开。而且非限制性定语从句中不能用that。

　10、as 和which引导的非限制性定语从句在用法上有什么区别?

　as和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句.都可以代替主句中的整个内容或某一成分。

　as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以位于句首，并常和know, see, expect等词连用，意为：“正如……”，而which不能位于句首。

　11、as 可以用于哪些结构中引导定语从句?

　such... as; the same... as; so ...as..

　12、the same…as和 the same…that 引导的定语从句如何区别?

　the same…as 引导的定语从句指的是相同事物，强调同类。

　the same…that引导的定语从句指的是同一物。

　13、such…as …和 such…that…如何区分?

　such…as…引导的是定语从句，as必须代替先行词在其引导的从句中充当成分。

　such…that…引导的从句是状语从句，that只是引导从句并不在其引导的从句中充当成分，在选择填空首先看从句中是否缺句子成分，如果缺成分就要考虑是定语从句;如果不缺成分就要考虑是状语成分。

　★14、whose 引导定语从句有那些注意点?

　whose 作定语，后面跟名词。一般有三种表示形式：

　例This is the dictionary whose cover has come off.

　= This is the dictionary the cover of which has come off.

　= This is the dictionary of which the cover has come off.

　★★★15、 “介词 + 关系词” 开头的定语从句有哪几种情况?

　注意：引导定从的介词后不能加who/that

　(1)先行词在从句中做状语，用来替换when/where/why的：in/on/from/for/in front of + which/whom:

　(2)“of所有格”： the+名词+ of + which/whom; of + which/whom +… the+名词

　(3)“某个范围中的多少”： some/both/the former + of + which/whom; of + which/whom … some…

　(4)偶尔可用“介词+ whose”和“介词+where”

　 三、关系代词引导的定语从句

　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　1、who指人，在从句中做主语

　The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

　2、whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

　Mr. Liu is the person (whom)you talked about on the bus.

　注意关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

　The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

　3、which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

　Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

　4、that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

　The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

　5、whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

　He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

　whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：

　The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

　=The classroom of which the door is broken will soon be repaired.

　Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

　=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

　(注意：the + 名词 + of which/whom常考!)

　 四、介词+关系代词whom/which引导的定语从句(重点)

　关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导：

　The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

　=The school in which he once studied is very famous.

　注意

　1、含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

　(1)This is the watch which/that I am lookingfor.(T)

　(2)This is the watch for which I amlooking. (F)

　2、若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that;指物时用which，不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose

　(1)The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)

　(2)The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)

　3、“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most,each, few等代词或者数词，构成some of which/whom等类似结构引导的定语从句。(重点：常考!)

　(1)He loved his parents deeply, of whom both are very kind to him.

　(2)In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

　(3)There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

　在特定语境中，可以用“介词+ whose/where”引导定语从句

　The boss in whose department Ms King once worked is a kind man.

　 五、关系副词引导的定语从句

　1、when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

　when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)

　(1)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

　(2)The time when we got together finally came.

　2、where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语

　where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)

　(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.

　(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

　3、why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语，此时先行词常为reason。可变为for which(常考!)

　why=for which

　(1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

　(2)I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.

　注意关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换

　(1)The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.

　(2)From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.

　(3)Great changes have taken place in thecity in which/where I was born.

我已最详细的介绍定语从句（the attributive clause）让你更好的掌握

一．什么叫定语从句？

一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。

二．定语从句的结构及种类

1. 结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它

2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

三．关系词的分类及关系词

1. 关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as

2. 关系副词：when，where，why

四．关系词的功用

1. 起连接作用，引导定语从句

2. 在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。

五．什么是先行词？

被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。

六．关系词的用法

1. who

当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。

The boy who is standing over there is Tom.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

2. whom

当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.

This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.

3. whose

① 当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.

This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.

② 当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.

We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.

4. that

① 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.

This is a machine that can walk.

② 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that可以省略。

I like the present (that) my father sent me.

③ 当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=who

The boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.

5. which

当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that

6. 下列情况下，关系词只能选用that

① 当先行词为不定代词 something, anything, nothing, everything时

Is there anything that I can do for you?

② 当先行词为不定代词all时

Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.

③ 当先行词被all, some, any修饰时

These are all the things that I have done today.

④ 当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时

This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.

⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时

This is the cleaning room that you can see here.

⑥ time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时

This is the last time that I’ll give you pocket money.

⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。

He is no longer the child that he used to be 20 years ago

⑧ 以 who开头的特殊疑问句，尽管先行词指人。

Who is the person that is sitting on the ground ?

⑨ 当先行词包括人和物时。

7. 下列情况下，关系词只能选which

① 在非限制性定语从句中。

This is my favorite pen, which I bought yesterday.

② 先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时

The boy is very polite, which makes his parents happy.

③ 当先行词指物，用“介词+which”

This is the pen with which I often write.

8. as

As 引导定语从句时，有四种情况。As在句中作主语，宾语。

① as 单独引导定语从句。

As we all know (=As is known to us all), Yao Ming is a famous basketball player.

② the same …as… 与…一样

I have the same idea as you.

③ such… as… 和…一样

Don’t read such a book as you can’t understand.

④ as…as… 和…一样

In this library, you can borrow as many books as you can.

9. where

① 当先行词是指地点的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选where，where=介词+which

This is the classroom where we study.

② 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，只能选that/which.

This is the factory that/which makes paper

This is the factory(that/which) we visited yesterday.

③ 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能用which

This is the school, which he visited.

④ the one 是代词，代替前面的名词，其后的that/which 往往省略。

Is this factory the one you visited?

⑤ 当situation, job, mark, race, point 等模糊概念的名词，关系词在句中作状语时，选where

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.

⑥ 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作状语，但定语从句末有介词时，选which。

This is the lab which we do experiments in.

10. when

① 当先行词是指时间的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选when，when=介词+which

We will never forget the days when we stayed with Mr. Smith.

② 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，选that或which。

Monday is the day which/that comes before Tuesday.

We will never forget the days (that/which) we spent with him.

③ 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能选which。

Wednesday is the day, which comes before Thursday.

④ one 作替代词，代替前面表示时间的名词，其后的that/which往往省略。

That was an exciting moment, one I will remember forever.

⑤ time作先行词，前面有序数词或last时，只能选that。

Is this the third time that you have been late for school this week?

11. why

① 当先行词是指表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词作状语，选why，why=for which.

This is the reason why I didn’t attend the meeting yesterday.

② 当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词在句中作宾语，选that/which,也可省略。

My parents didn’t believe the reason (that/ which) I give him.

七．介词+which/whom

1. 介词+which/whom

① 介词的选择根据下面四种情况

a. 根据定语从句中的谓语动词

Who is the person with whom you shook hands just now?

b. 根据定语从句中的形容词

In learning English, he had two things about which he was not sure.

c. 根据定语从句所修饰的先行词

This is the bike by which I go to school.

d. 根据句意。

This is the train on which he works.

② 如果关系词指人，选whom，如果关系词指物，选which。

2. 不定代词+of+which/whom

常用的不定代词有：both, neither, either(两者之一)，all, none, many, most, some, any

Mr. Li has two sons, both of whom are college students.

There are 10.000 books in this library, most of which are interesting.

3. 数词，分词，百分数+of+which/whom

There are 50 students in our class, two thirds of whom are girls.

4. the+名词+of+which=whose+名词

He has just bought a magazine, the cover of which (=whose cover) is missing.

5. 介词+whose+名词

This is our school teaching building, on whose top there is a red flag.

八．非限制性定语从句

如果主语和定语从句之间有个逗号，它就是非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性的定语从句的关系词有：which，who, when, where, why, whom, whose.

九．分隔性的定语从句

有时定语从句和先行词之间被其他词隔开，把这种从句叫分隔性的定语从句。

The days are gone when China used foreign oil.

= Gone are the days when China used foreign oil.

十．The way 作先行词，引导定语从句的关系词有三种情况：that, in which 省略。

I don’t like the way ___D___ you do things.

A. that B. in which C. × D. all of the above

十一. One of +the+复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用复数，the only one of +the 复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用单数。

He is one of the teachers in our school who teach well.

He is the only one of the teachers in our school who teaches well.

十二. 在定语从句中，谓语动词的单数，复数依据它所修饰的先行词。

I, who am your teacher, will help you with everything.

He who breaks the school rules should be punished.

Those who break the school rules should be punished.

Anyone who breaks the school rules should be punished.

十三. 定语从句和并列句的区别

非限制性的定语从句和主语之间有一个逗号，并列句的结构式单句+并列连词（and, or. so, but）+简单句.

I have many friends, all of whom are kind to me.

I have many friends and all of them are kind to me.

关于“英语语法：定 语 从 句”这个话题的介绍，今天小编就给大家分享完了，如果对你有所帮助请保持对本站的关注！